What do the three cables going into the BAT-5/BAT-10 do?

Three cables enter a BAT-5 and a BAT-10 battery:

1. Grid connection cable: Connects the battery system to the power grid, enabling both charging and discharging of the battery. When the solar panels generate more electricity than the household consumes, the excess energy can be stored in the battery or fed back into the grid.
2. Internet communication cable: Allows the battery to communicate with external systems via the internet. This is an Ethernet-type network cable. The purpose is to enable remote monitoring, software updates, and integration with energy management platforms. Through this connection, both the user and the energy provider can access data on the battery’s status, charge level, and performance.
3. Data cable for MODBUS circuit board: Responsible for internal data exchange between the battery and other devices in the energy system. MODBUS is an industry-standard communication protocol that allows the battery to send and receive data from inverters, energy meters, or other smart devices in the system. This cable ensures that the battery management system (BMS) can monitor and optimize the charging and discharging processes, as well as ensure stable operation of the entire energy storage system.

What are the three wires inside the grid connection cable?

1. Blue wire (N - Neutral): The blue wire is the neutral conductor, which returns the current from the electrical circuit back to the grid.
2. Brown wire (L - Phase/Live): The brown wire is the phase conductor that carries active power from the grid to the battery. This wire is responsible for delivering voltage (typically 230V in Europe) and is the one that can be dangerous to touch when the system is live.
3. Green-yellow wire (PE - Protective Earth): The green-yellow wire is the grounding conductor, ensuring that the metal casing and other electrical components are connected to the ground to prevent electric shocks. If a fault current occurs, this wire will safely direct the current away and activate a fuse or residual current device (RCD) to protect both the system and the user.